El Dorado XXI

(Scroll down to read it in Spanish)

At 5100 metres in the Andean mountains you will find the highest human settlement in the world, which lies at the foot of the glacier known as “The Sleeping Beauty”. La Rinconada is for many a city of short stays, organized abruptly with the passage of time around a single activity: mining.

With this forceful ethnographic document, Salomé Lamas drives us to a scenario of rocks, cold and wind, which has little to do with the old colonial dream of El Dorado. In this corner of the world, no-man’s land, gold determines the sustenance and destruction of 50,000 people.

Those who move to La Rinconada searching for the precious metal are entire families, young dreamers and widows, mostly from the Peruvian region of Puno, all of whom arrived without the intention of settling. With the hope of enriching themselves quickly, they end embroiled in a maelstrom of hard labour and long working shifts that eventually lead men to alcohol and brothels, and women to pallaquear (or to fetch gold within the wastes from the mine), whilst supporting their families.

The first part of the documentary is set on a single scene. An inclined and dizzy shot in which we see a procession of people going up and down the mine. Meanwhile, a series of narratives take place off-screen. They are stories of women and men, adventurers and damned people: a prostitute, a local radio reporter and an Aymara woman who cries disconsolately, among others. In the meantime, we can hear Rinconada’s background sounds: the condensed water dripping inside the mine, the church bells rolling and an organ playing. Using these tools, Lamas masterfully distracts us from the visual incentive, to focus our attention on the personal experiences of those who dream of El Dorado, while transmitting the essence of Andean verticality.

The rest of the film runs between calmed sequences, around a delicate fictional reality. The author aims to portray the daily life of the people living in Rinconada, alternating shots of immensity and cold, making use of a cerulean palette, almost in black and white. The result is an exceptional anthropological reflection that explores even the darkest corner of the community. On one hand, gathered pallaqueras chew coca, while reflecting on the ancestral power of this plant which is the sole relief for their efforts, their pain, and the low temperatures and altitude of the Andes. The situation of helplessness in which they find themselves has led them to lead social movements and assemblies that seek to regularise their work.

On the other hand, we witness a crude exhibition of religious syncretism that has developed in this corner of the Andean highlands. The sacrifices made to the Awichita are extreme and are proportional to the intensity of life in Rinconada, along with the very extinction of the gold in the mine. The competition for the metal leads the men to make diverse offerings to the mine and goddess, the same one which prevents the women from entering the mountain, forcing them to crawl vertically up the mountain in search of the crumbs of the golden metal.

Having dazzled in 2016 as it passes through the Berlinale (Berlin International Film Festival) and the Viennale (Vienna International Film Festival), Eldorado XXI will premiere in Scotland in this fourth edition of IberoDocs.

SPANISH

A 5100 metros de altura, en la cordillera andina y a los pies del glaciar conocido como “La Bella Durmiente”, se encuentra el asentamiento humano más alto del mundo. La Rinconada es para muchos una ciudad de paso, organizada de forma abrupta con el paso del tiempo en torno a una única actividad: la extracción minera.

Salomé Lamas nos consigue trasladar con este contundente documento etnográfico a un escenario de rocas, frío y viento que poco tiene que ver con el antiguo sueño colonial de El Dorado. En este rincón del mundo, tierra de nadie, el oro supone el sustento y la perdición de 50.000 personas.

Quienes se trasladan a La Rinconada en busca del preciado metal son familias enteras, jóvenes soñadores y viudas, en su mayoría provenientes de la región peruana de Puno, llegados sin la intención de establecerse. Con la esperanza de enriquecerse rápidamente, se ven envueltos en una vorágine de trabajos forzados y largas jornadas laborales que terminan por arrastrar a los hombres al alcohol y a los burdeles, y a las mujeres a pallaquear (o buscar oro entre los desperdicios de la mina), a la vez que a sacar familias enteras adelante.

La primera parte del documental se desarrolla en torno a una única escena. Un plano en picado y vertiginoso en el que vemos una procesión de personas subiendo y bajando de la mina. A su vez, una serie de narraciones se suceden en segundo plano. Son historias de mujeres y hombres, aventureros y malditos: una prostituta, un locutor de la radio local o una mujer aymara que llora desconsolada. Mientras, escuchamos de fondo el hilo ambiental de Rinconada: el goteo del agua condensada en el interior de la mina, el redoble de campanas de la iglesia y la melodía de un órgano. De esta manera, Lamas consigue abstraernos con maestría del incentivo visual, para centrar nuestra atención en las experiencias personales de los que sueñan con El Dorado, al mismo tiempo que nos transmite la esencia de la verticalidad andina.

El resto de la cinta transcurre entre secuencias pausadas y en torno a una delicada realidad ficcional. La autora pasa a retratar la vida diaria de las gentes de Rinconada intercalando planos de inmensidad y frío, haciendo uso de una paleta cerúlea que roza el blanco y negro. El resultado es una excepcional reflexión antropológica que explora hasta el rincón más oscuro de la comunidad. Por un lado, unas pallaqueras reunidas mascan coca, mientras reflexionan sobre el ancestral poder de esta planta, único alivio para el esfuerzo, el dolor, las bajas temperaturas y la altitud de los Andes. La situación de desamparo en la que se encuentran las ha llevado a liderar movimientos de acción social y asamblearios que pretenden regularizar su trabajo.

Asistimos también a una cruda exposición del sincretismo religioso que se ha desarrollado en este rincón del altiplano andino. Los sacrificios a la Awichita se extremizan, y son proporcionales a la intensidad de la vida en la Rinconada, así como a la propia extinción del oro en la mina. La competencia por el metal lleva a los hombres a realizar diversas ofrendas a la mina y diosa, la misma que impide el paso de las mujeres a la veta, obligándolas a arrastrarse en vertical en busca de las migajas del dorado metal. Tras haber deslumbrado en 2016 a su paso por la Berlinale (Festival Internacional de Cine de Berlín) y en la Viennale (Festival Internacional de Cine de Viena), Eldorado XXI se estrenará en Escocia en esta cuarta edición de IberoDocs.

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Rebecca Wade

Dr Rebecca Wade is a Senior Lecturer in Environmental Science at Abertay University. She inspires others to work collaboratively to address climate, nature and societal challenges. Her teaching and research focus on sustainable water management and nature-based solutions, she champions communication and co-design to deliver solutions which bring benefits for people and planet. She undertakes projects with local authorities, health services, industry partners, charities, creative practitioners and cultural organisations. Rebecca is an award-winning STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Maths) Ambassador in Scotland and the UK (awarded by the Institution of Civil Engineers); she was named ‘Woman of Influence 2022’ by Action for Children Scotland and in 2024 was named as one of the ‘Top 50 Women in Engineering’ by the Women’s Engineering Society. She is a Director at Dundee Science Centre and a Trustee with the Esk Rivers and Fisheries Trust and The Scottish Flood Forum. In 2023 she participated in a life-changing voyage to Antarctica, as part of an International Women in STEMM leadership programme.

Georgina Massouraki

Georgina Massouraki, with a background in art, science, and communications, has over a decade of experience in Scotland’s environmental sector. Specialising in project management, community engagement, and environmental campaigns and policy, she supports IberoDocs to improve environmental practice and also assists with marketing and comms.

Sara Mediavilla

Sara Mediavilla is a communications and advocacy officer at Survival International, the global movement for indigenous peoples’ rights. With expertise in fundraising, digital communications and outreach, multiple degrees in History, Marketing, Anthropology, and International Development, she brings over seven years of experience to IberoDocs, contributing to content creation and marketing expertise while promoting decolonization and addressing power imbalances.

Isabel Moura Mendes

Isabel Moura Mendes is a Senior Relationship Manager at the British Council. A cornerstone of IberoDocs since its inception in 2014, Isabel has been an indispensable figure, providing invaluable support and guidance. Initially engaged in advising on films in Portuguese (Portugal & Brazil), conducting filmmaker Q&As, and delivering motivational talks, she has left a mark on the festival’s cultural and educational initiatives.

Mónica Martins

Mónica Martins brings over a decade of event management experience and is the newest member of the IberoDocs Board. She is well known to the festival community through her previous collaborations with IberoDocs, including her role as Director of Women Being and as a dedicated, long-time audience member. Mónica’s deep insight into strategic decision-making in event planning, combined with her strong connection to the festival’s mission, makes her a vital contributor as we embark on this next chapter.

Mar Felices

Mar Felices, with a background in audiovisual communication and creative documentary, has nearly two decades of experience in film, culture, and public engagement. Founder of IberoDocs and Chair of its Community Interest Company, she specialises in festival development, strategic partnerships, and intercultural dialogue, ensuring the festival’s vision and mission benefit the wider community.